Italian language
Italian is spoken in: Italy, San Marino, Vatican City, Slovenia,
Switzerland, Croatia.
Used by a significant part of population in: Monaco, Albania, France
(Corsica and Nice), Croatia (Istria), Malta, Eritrea and Somalia.
Significant immigrant communities are found throughout the Americas
(primarily Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Uruguay, United States and
Venezuela), Australia, and Western Europe (primarily in Belgium, France,
Germany, Luxembourg, and the United Kingdom).
Total speakers: 62 million
Italian is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people,
primarily in Italy. In Switzerland, Italian is one of four official
languages. It is also the official language of San Marino and Vatican
City. Standard Italian, adopted by the state after the unification of
Italy, is based on Tuscan dialect and is somewhat intermediate between
Italo-Dalmatian languages of the South and Northern Italian dialects of
the North.
Unlike most other Romance languages, Italian has retained the contrast between short and long consonants which existed in Latin. As in most Romance languages, stress is distinctive. Of the Romance languages, Italian is considered to be one of the closest resembling Latin in terms of vocabulary,[3] though Romanian most closely preserves the noun declension system of Classical Latin, and Spanish the verb conjugation system (see Old Latin), while Sardinian is the most conservative in terms of phonology.
Italian is most closely related to the other two Italo-Dalmatian
languages, Sicilian and the extinct Dalmatian. The three are part of the
Italo-Western grouping of the Romance languages, which are a subgroup
of the Italic branch of Indo-European.
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