Persian (Farsi) language
Farsi is Spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and areas of
Uzbekistan, Bahrain, Pakistan, India and China. Also in various
Iranian/Persian/Afghani diaspora, specifically Pakistan, USA, UAE and
Turkey.
Region: Middle East, Central Asia
Total speakers: 72 million native and 62 million second language,
134 million total
Persian and its varieties have official-language status in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan. According to CIA World Factbook, based on old data, there are approximately 62 million native speakers of Persian in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan and about the same number of people in other parts of the world speak Persian. UNESCO was asked to select Persian as one of its languages in 2006.
Persian has been a medium for literary and scientific contributions to the Islamic world as well as the Western. It has had an influence on certain neighbouring languages, particularly the Turkic languages of Central Asia, Caucasus, and Anatolia. It has had a lesser influence on Arabic and other languages of Mesopotamia.
For five centuries
prior to the British colonization, Persian was widely used as a second
language in the Indian subcontinent; it took prominence as the language
of culture and education in several Muslim courts in India and became
the "official language" under the Mughal emperors. Only in 1843
did the subcontinent begin conducting business in English.[7] Evidence
of Persian's historical influence in the region can be seen in the extent
of its influence on the languages of Hindustani (resulting in Urdu), Kashmiri,
Punjabi, Sindhi, Gujarati, Bengali and even Telugu, as well as the popularity
that Persian literature still enjoys in the region.
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